President of the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry Akio Mimura's new capitalism theory "The fruit of small and medium -sized enterprises is sucked by large companies."
What is a new capitalism? "There is a discussion of what lacks the economic system so far and what should be added to be added. In terms of how to increase the productivity of economic leaders and private companies, the key is to improve the productivity of small and medium -sized enterprises that account for 99 % of all companies. Due to the power relationship with large companies, small and medium -sized enterprises, for example, improving productivity, "Despite the fact that there were 4 to 5 % in fact, it was not properly reflected in the transaction price with large companies, and the name grew by about 1 %. It stays. This must be improved. " Rather than a large company and a small business, it is a problem that "cost burden and value creation are divided into fair with the whole supply chain." It is an important time to pass on cost -up due to raw materials to the product price and how to increase national income by raising wages. What is Mimura's new capitalist theory, saying that SMEs are the foundation of the Japanese economy?
Chief of this magazine
Sentence = Hirofumi Murata
[Image] Do you know?Eiichi Shibusawa, a creator of Japanese capitalism
Small and medium -sized enterprises are the foundation of the Japanese economy
The history of the Chamber of Commerce, which is a gathering of economy, is old.In 1878 (Meiji 11), the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce and Industry was established by Eiichi Shibuzawa, the creator of Japanese capitalism, and Eiichi Shibusawa.
The Meiji government's "breeding industry" policy was also in the background, but the foundation for improving national power was in the private sector (company), and Shibuzawa had the idea that we had to develop companies.
As a member of the Westerners to participate in the Paris Expo in 1867 (Keio 3), one year before the Meiji Restoration.He saw the spectacle of French military brain and business people on an equal footing at the Expo venue, and made him think about the Japanese "Shogun and Industry" system.
Shibuzawa, who witnessed the progress of Western technology development and the way of social management, worked on developing Japanese industrial capital after returning to Japan.Shibuzawa's idea is that the private sector (company) plays the role of increasing the national power and increasing the national wealth.
At one point, he was also in the Meiji New Government, but resigned, and he themselves to create a wide range of businesses, such as banks, shipping, electricity, and gas.
Over 140 years, Japan is now in the midst of the digital revolution (DX) and the Green Revolution (GX), and has a new trial of how to take the course.There are many issues.
First, the economic stagnation, that is, the number of national wealth has not increased.
In the early 1990s, the economy has been sluggish since the bubble economy popped out, and the lost 30 years.Looking at the GDP per person (gross domestic product), it is 24th in the world.Some people think that South Korea will be overtaken a few years later.
This Corona crisis has a productivity issue on how to raise national income and how to raise wage levels.
In addition, how will the United States and China conflicts, security brought to the economy, and how to implement China's policy?In the medium to long term, there is also a problem of how to realize carbon nutrals that make CO2 (carbon dioxide) emissions inexperienced in 2050.
日本商工会議所会頭・三村明夫氏は「Small and medium -sized enterprises are the foundation of the Japanese economy」とした上で、経済再生には、「日本の総企業数の99％を占める中小企業の生産性向上が不可欠」と語る。
The Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry (abbreviation, Nissho) has a 515 commercial and industrial office nationwide.The Nippon Shohes has been practiced by the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce and Industry (abbreviated, Higashi Sho).
Mimura is from Japanese iron.81 years old born on November 2, 1940.He became the President of New Japan Steel and Chairman, etc., and became the President of the Donglinse in 2013.He is currently the third term (the first term is three years), as Nissho.
In the third term, he encountered a Corona crisis.What did you feel in the Corona crisis?
"I realized that the contact with people was reduced, and I realized that people could not live alone. Furthermore, it is our happiness to solve the issues that the whole society, which has been revealed by the corona, is solved.Everyone came to think that it was also a purpose of life. I think the Corona crisis has been created. "
Mr. Mimura continues as follows, saying this impression.
"The momentum of thinking about the significance of the company is increasing again. The purpose of the company is not only to make a profit, but also to solve various issues in society.Is important. When you hear the story of the working people, that kind of consciousness is increasing, especially for young people. The company you work is solving social issues and raising profits at the same time. I work for such a company.I'm glad that the number of young people who feel worth living and proud are increasing. "
The Corona crisis caused a pandemic (global trend) and hit the economy directly.In particular, transportation, sightseeing, accommodation, and eating and drinking were hit.On the other hand, the manufacturing industry is generally good, and IT -related performance is divided into good performance and light and dark.
Under these circumstances, how to build a new way of life and how to work.
"If it's not a strong, rich country, it's an emergency ..."
The Corona crisis continues.
The top of the three economic organizations has a sense of year, and he describes his thoughts on the future of the future.
Mr. Mimura emphasized that "I realized again that if it is not a strong and rich country, it will not be possible to protect the people in an emergency."He also stated that it was important to improve the productivity of small and medium -sized enterprises, which is responsible for employment in Japan, as an issue for economic growth.
Masakazu Togura, Chairman of Keidanren, pointed out that the Kishida administration's "growth and distribution virtuous cycle" is "first of all growth is important."He also shows the perception that a company is the leader of growth and distribution, and is going to solve the problem in cooperation with the government.
Kensho Sakurada, the director of the Economic Doyukai, said in the past 30 years, saying that the reason for the stagnation of the Japanese economy was "cannot create innovation that changes society," and calls on business owners to ask himself to solve problems.rice field.
The top of the three mentions the national way of the country, the role and mission of the company, and the way of living and working for individuals.Once again, the cooperation of the country, the company, and the individual and the significance of the existence are questioned.
Japan's strength and weakness
"I have begun to wonder what their happiness is and what companies exist for the corona.However, if the country is not rich, the lives and life of the people will not be saved. This has been recognized, so we must solve various social issues and make Japan a rich and strong country.Mimura is interpreted as a new capitalism, "said Mimura," said Mimura.
The Corona crisis reveals the goodness and weakness of Japan at the same time.The goodness is the high awareness of the people.Due to the high level of sanitation, such as wearing a mask and the encouragement of hand washing, the number of infected and deaths per population is much lower than in Europe and the United States.
On the other hand, in the early days of the new Corona infection, the lack of masks suddenly increased the people's anxiety psychology.Masks were made in normal times and Asian countries such as China, and Japan was imported.In the event of an emergency, China and other countries took priority measures to their own people.
Other medical equipment and supplies have similar problems.There was nothing in normal times, so I was able to manage the economic with a cost -priority spear, but it wasn't in an emergency.
Japan was noticed that the crisis management system was not in place at all.It is the moment when the economy is involved with crisis management measures.
Based on that, Mimura appeals, "Japan must be a rich and strong country."
So how to create a rich and strong country?
What is a new capitalism?
Now, the discussion of "new capitalism" is active.After the establishment of the government last fall, Prime Minister Fumio Kishida advocated a "new capitalism" and launched a "virtuous cycle of growth and distribution."
The power of innovation (technological innovation, creative creation) is weaker than in Europe and the United States, and it has begun to be overwhelmed by China, so companies promote research and development and human investment and achieve productivity improvement.Suppose we aim to create a society that will increase personal income.Therefore, Prime Minister Kishida himself became the chairman and set up a "New Capital Realization Conference" in the cabinet.
There are 15 members.Along with Nissho's President Mimura, Keidanren Chairman, Togura, the secretary of the Economic Duyboy Association, Mr. Sakurada, and the top three economic organizations.
In addition, Kentaro Kawabe (President Z Holdings) and IT -related managers such as Mirai Hirano (CEO Cinamon), a solution that uses AI (artificial intelligence), and Haruka Yonara (CEO of Cinnamon), a new financing for crowdfunding.CEO, CEO of READYFOR), also arranges.
Female managers such as Takako Suwa (President of Diamond Seiki) and Takuko Sawada (Vice President of Yoshinomi Shiono) also participated.
In the 2000s, Mr. Kazuhiko Toyama (Chairman of the Business Co -creatation Books Group), who has been working on the former Kanebo and the former Daiei as the Senior Managing Director of the Industrial Revitalization Organization (COO), and Yutaka Matsuo, who draws AI in Japan.Academic officials such as the University of Tokyo Graduate School) also joined, and it is a diverse committee composition.
A meeting was held three times from the start of the Kishida administration last October to the end of the year, and the proposals from each committee member were summarized.
For example, a proposal that investment in people promotes growth.Nowadays, the source of the added value of developed countries has shifted from tangible assets to intangible assets (software, intellectual property, etc.).It is pointed out that investment in human capital will grow.Proposals such as "labor costs" to investment in "human resources as assets".
How do Mimura think of "new capitalism"?
I need to improve the productivity of small and medium -sized enterprises in the future of Japan!
"I don't know what a new capitalism is, but emphasizing" distribution "is not a new capitalism. However, the new capitalism catchphrase, which lacked the economic system so far, is new.Everyone thinks and suggests what to add, such things. "
Mr. Mimura emphasizes that the discussions on "new capitalism" are becoming more important, but as follows.
"One thing is clear is that there is no future in Japan unless the productivity of the whole nation is raised. The important thing in raising productivity is the production of small and medium -sized enterprises that are responsible for employment.Only when the gender is raised, the production of Japan as a whole will increase. "
Mimura continues.
"Somewhat, small and medium -sized enterprises are poor, weak, and need to help. Instead, improving productivity in Japan as a whole is essential to improve the productivity of small and medium -sized enterprises.I think we should discuss specific measures from such a viewpoint. "
So how do you pull it up?
In transactions between large and small and medium -sized enterprises, the reality is that due to its power, the offer value of small and medium -sized enterprises is easy to buy from large companies.
In other words, Mr. Mimura pointed out that the price of small and medium -sized enterprises is weak, which leads to a sluggish factor in labor productivity in small and medium -sized enterprises.
The real labor productivity of the small and medium -sized manufacturing industry from FY2016 to FY2018 has risen by 1.1 %, but the price transfer indicator has become less than 2 %.
When a small business sells products and services to a large company partner, the asking does not pass as expected, and it is cut down from the other party.
This is an old and new proposition.Since the late 90's, when Japan entered deflation, the price of small and medium -sized enterprises has increased in negative width.At the time of the Lehman Shock (2008), in addition to the sluggish demand, the loss of the price of the price has suffered SMEs.
"The growth of labor productivity in the small and medium -sized manufacturing industry has always been about 1 %, despite the fact that it was 4 to 5 % in effect. In other words, small and medium -sized companies work hard to increase productivity.Mimura emphasizes that it has not been properly reflected in the transaction price with a large company and has been wrinkled by a small business. This must be improved.
So how do you draw the path of problem solving?
Solving issues with the entire supply chain!
"In other words, the cost burden and the value creation will be shared with the fairs throughout the supply chain. To achieve this, the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry is promoting the" Partnership Building Declaration "movement with the government."
Small and medium -sized enterprises, which are large companies and business partners, are fate communities.Instead of a large company and a small and medium -sized business, Mimura's appeal is to deal with cost -up factors and create added value (value -up) as a belonging to the same supply chain.
Another thing Mimura wants to appeal is that the labor distribution rate of small and medium -sized enterprises is very high, from 75 % to 80 %.
In other words, the distribution rate for labor costs from the added value created is very high."The labor distribution rate of small and medium -sized businesses is from 75 % to 80 %, and only 20 % to 25 % remain. Of these, 15 % are used for interest payments and taxes, and eventually only about 10 % remains.Mr. Mimura says the current situation, "said Mimura.
It has been pointed out that SMEs may not have enough effort for innovation.What do you think about this?
"In a survey by the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 73 % of SMEs have improved office work and work efficiency, and 30 % are working on business transformation at a high level that surpasses other companies."
Mr. Mimura replied, "In the Corona disaster," the company that raised wages by improving business performance by improving business performance was 11.1 %, and the company has raised wages in 2001.It is 30.3 %. A total of 41.4 % of companies are raising wages. "
Small and medium -sized enterprises are also transforming themselves and strengthening their constitution in line with the new world.First, Mr. Mimura's appeal is to solve issues with self -help and the entire supply chain.
How to secure the energy of another task?
The situation in Japan is now severe.The world has been inflation due to the rise in resources, energy, food and grain prices.Japan received a hit with a weak yen, facing the task of securing the necessary resources, energy, and semiconductors.Above all, the situation is confusing how to convert raw material soaring into product prices.
Mr. Mimura believes that Japan should use the TPP (Pacific Partnership Agreement) and RCEP (regional comprehensive economic cooperation) to secure resources and energy.
The plan of reducing CO2 emissions by 46 % in 2030 (compared to 2013) was suddenly appeared, and it is an industrial concern that there is no discussion on how to catch cost problems.
An energy mix as of 2030, which reduces fossil fuels and doubles renewable energy.That is one of the major goals for carbon nector (zero real emissions of CO2), but the challenge of how to respond to stable supply (security) and costs.
"Because the energy mix is shown in the achievement of the reduction goal, there is a lack of cost discussion. By increasing the ratio of regenerative energy significantly, for example, how much cost is the cost of each individual and home.Can the industry be able to maintain international competitiveness if the energy costs increase? The government needs to identify these issues first and explain them carefully. In the discussion of CO2 reduction so far, costs are cost to many people.The burden was another person, but that is not possible. There is always a cost burden for society as a whole, so if you understand it and say "Let's do it," it will be real.I think it will be. We need to be prepared. "
Mimura appeals to what to do with the transition process (transition) for a big goal.
In the history of capitalism has been revised ...
Capitalism has no completed form.The history of capitalism has been revised with the times.
In 1989, the collapse of the Berlin Wall, the dismantling of the former Soviet Union in 1991, the socialist camp collapsed at a stretch, and an end to the Cold War of Capitalism and Socialism.Although it was a capitalist victory, there are many issues in its capitalism.
There are many controversy.In the old days, the Roman Pope Leo XIII of 1891 was published in the imperialism of the evils of capitalism and the illusion of capitalism.
In the 1991, 100 years later, the resilience issued by the Pope John Paul II states that the evils of socialism and the illusion of capitalism.Three months later, it was the dismantling of the former Soviet Union.
Both capitalism and socialism are the historical reality that they have been back and forth between illusion and negative effects.The Pope at the time has also looked directly at the reality and gave the world a revelation.
Thirty years have passed since 1991, and the search for new capitalism continues.
"Yes, the world as a whole, neoliberalism and market fundamentalism have been considerably done. Even in Japan, there was a lot of arguments that they had to hear more about the intentions of things.Rather, the idea of consciousness of all stakeholders (stakeholders) is becoming stronger, "says Mimura.
Returning to Eiichi Shibuzawa, Shibusawa wrote "theory and abacus" and enlightened the world that the economy (abacus) needed moral and ethics (theory).Adam Smith in Kunitomi has also emphasized morals.
There are two flows: those who pursue their original appearance, and those who pursue short -term profits on the other hand.
"There are two ways to think of shareholder supremacy and stakeholders in Japan in Japan, and the times have shook both sides. In recent Davos Conference, companies should contribute more to society.It is coming out of European and American participants. Some say that Japan should also emulate, but Japan has already had such a way of thinking. "
Anyway, how to grow and develop a new capitalism?Nissho (Higashi -Sho) has a stone wall (Higashi -Sho), which says, "a combination of large stones (large companies) and small and medium -sized stones (small and medium -sized enterprises) will create solid stone walls" as a "stone wall".Mr. Mimura's belief is that the productivity of small and medium -sized enterprises, which plays the cornerstone of the Japanese economy, is important.
